Fig. 3: Protective effect of PRGs in preventing OSCC metastasis.

A Uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP) of scRNA-seq with clusters colored and labeled according to inferred cell types from all 53,459 cells separated by primary tumors and metastatic lymph nodes from 7 HNSCC patients. B–D UMAP of 6115 malignant epithelial cells only, clustered by Seurat clusters (B), sample (C), and tissue origin (primary/metastatic) (D). E Heat-map of differentially expressed pathways enrichment between primary malignant epithelial and lymph-node malignant epithelial through Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) algorithm utilizing hallmark genesets. F–H The density plot (F), bubble plot (G) and violin plot (H) demonstrated the different expression level of PRGs (NLRP1、NLRP2、NLRP3、NOD2) between primary tumor and metastatic tumor. NET neutrophil extracellular trap, OSCC oral squamous cell carcinoma, PRG pyroptosis-related gene.