Fig. 2: A schematic representation of the process of T-cell development.

The diagram illustrates the differentiation of T cells from HSCs into distinct subtypes of Th cells. The development of Th cells begins with HSCs in the bone marrow, differentiating into CLPs. These CLPs migrate to the thymus, undergoing selection to become mature CD4+ T cells. The mature CD4+ T cells then travel to peripheral lymphoid organs (e.g., lymph nodes and spleen), where they are activated by antigens presented by APCs. This activation involves interactions between MHC class II and co-stimulatory molecules on APCs with TCR and CD28 on T cells, leading to their differentiation into various Th cell subtypes based on environmental signals.