Table 2 HIF and their regulatory targets and effects on tumors.

HIF	Target gene	Effects on tumors	References
HIF-1	ANGPT2, VEGF, PGF, GLUT1, LDHA, PKM2, EPO, IGF2, TGFA, Vimentin, Snail, TCF3, CAR9, BNIP3, HK1/2, SLC2A1, SLC7A11, MCT4, MT2-MMP, LOX, CypA, PD-L1, CD133, ADAM10, NF-kB, CXCR4, LncRNA-BX111	Angiogenesis, autophagy, glycolysis, survival and proliferation, EMT, metabolic reprogramming, migration and invasion, immune evasion, treatment resistance, cell-ECM interactions, cancer stem cell-like properties	[305,306,307,308,309,310,311,312,313,314,315,316,317,318,319,320,321,322,323,324,325]
HIF-2	VEGF, GLUT1, NANOG, SERPINE2, IL-11, uPAR1, ITGA6, MMP14	Angiogenesis, glycolysis, survival and proliferation, long-term hypoxic response, EMT, vessel integrity, migration and invasion, cell-ECM interactions, invasion and metastasis, immune evasion	[305, 306, 326,327,328,329,330,331]
HIF-3	SQRDL, LC3C, REDD1	Tumorigenesis, apoptosis, negative regulator of HIF-1/2	[332,333,334]

ANGPT1 angiopoietin 1, VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor, PGF transforming growth factor, GLUT1 glucose transporter 1, LDHA lactate dehydrogenase A, PKM2 pyruvate kinase M2, EPO erythropoietin, IGF2 insulin-like growth factor 2, TGFA transforming growth factor α, TCF3 transcription factor 3, CAR9 carbonic anhydrase 9, BNIP3 BCL2 interacting protein 3, HK1/2 hexokinase 1 and 2, SLC2A1 solute carrier family 2 member 1, MCT4 monocarboxylate transporter 4, MT2-MMP membrane type-2 matrix metalloproteinase, LOX lysyl oxidase, CypA cyclophilin A, ADAM10 a disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain 10, NF-kB nuclear factor kappa B, CXCR4 chemokine receptor 4, EMT epithelial-mesenchymal transition, SERPINE2 serpin family E member 2, IL-11 interleukin-11, uPAR1 urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor-1, ITGA6 integrin subunit alpha 6, MMP14 matrix metalloproteinase 14, SQRDL sulfide-quinone reductase-like protein, LC3C MAP1LC3C, REDD1 regulated in development and DNA damage responses 1.

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