Fig. 1: Components of nanomedicine strategies targeting the PCD for cancer therapy.
From: Nanomedicine-induced programmed cell death in cancer therapy: mechanisms and perspectives
Recent breakthroughs in nanotechnology offer innovative ways to modulate PCD mechanisms crucial in cancer progression and treatment, including apoptosis, autophagy, and necroptosis. Dysregulation of these pathways leads to uncontrolled cell proliferation and therapy resistance. Figure 1 depicts the application of nanomedicines targeting PCD pathways in cancer treatment. “Content” lists the drugs delivered by one or more types of nanocarriers. “Surface” represents ligands or functionalized structures on nanoparticles. “Types” indicates the types of nanomaterials. “Characteristics” describes characteristics of nanomedicines, such as pH-responsive release, PDT and PTT therapies, thermosensitive nanomedicines, and methods utilizing ion pressure for treatment. dBSA denatured Bovine Serum Albumin, TR tandem peptide TH-RGD, iRGD internalizing-RGD, PEG polyethylene glycol, PEI polyethyleneimine, VB12 vitamin B12, AS1411 nucleolin-targeted aptamers, Ppa pheophorbide A, Ce6 a near-infrared (NIR) photosensitizer, IR780 Indocyanine Green, ICD immunogenic cell death, PTT photothermal therapies, PDT photodynamic therapies.
