Table 2 Nanomaterials Regulating PCD in cancer therapy.
From: Nanomedicine-induced programmed cell death in cancer therapy: mechanisms and perspectives
Nanomaterials | Types of PCD | Target | Receptor | Pathways | Related cytokines |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NREA [124] | Apoptosis | G2/M cell | / | JKN | c-Myc BRD4 |
PLGA-QNPs [125] | Apoptosis | Cervical cancer cells | / | PI3K/AKT Suppression | Caspase-3,7 |
Graphene oxide [126] | Apoptosis | Colorectal cancer | / | AMPK/mTOR/ULK-1 | / |
LYC-NPs [127] | Apoptosis | HepG2 (Hepatocellular carcinoma) | / | Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 | / |
MNPs [128] | Autophagy | Cervical cancer | / | mTOR-Akt-p70S6 K ATG7 NF-κB TGF-β | / |
Graphene oxide (GO) [129] | Autophagy | Cancer cells | Folate receptor | JNK/p53/p21 | MTH1 ICG |
Liposomes [130] | Autophagy | CAF | TH integrin | Aerobic glycolysis | TR |
NBP/TiO2 [131] | Autophagy | U-87 MG cell | / | / | / |
PTEN mRNA nanoparticles [132] | Autophagy | Cancer cells | Anti-programmed death-1 antibody | PI3K/Akt/mTOR | IL-12; TNF-α; IFN-γ |
iron oxide NPs [133] | Autophagy | A549 cells | / | AMPK -mTOR-AKT | / |
Nano-SiO2 [134] | Necroptosis | HepG2 | / | RIPK1/RIPK2/MLKL | / |
SeNPs [135] | Necroptosis | PC-3 (prostate adenocarcinoma cells) | / | / | TNF; IRF-1 |
N-TiO2 NPs [136] | Necroptosis | A375 cells (human melanoma) | / | / | / |
CuS-NiS2 [137] | Necroptosis | Gastric cancer | / | MLKL/CAPG | / |
Ferumoxytol [138] | Ferroptosis | Breast cancer cells | TLR3 | NF-κB | PIC TAM MAPK Syk |
Ferumoxytol [139] | Ferroptosis | Prostate cancer | ULBP | PD-L1 HMGB1 | IFN-γ |
Pyroptosis | Tumor endothelial cell | PD1 CTLA4 | cGAS-STING | cGAMP | |
VB12-Sericin-PBLG-IR780 Nanomicelles [142] | Pyroptosis | ATP5MC3 | / | NLRP3/Caspase-1/gasdermin D | / |
PSCT NPs [89] | Pyroptosis | Tumor cells | / | Caspase-1/gasdermin D & Caspase-8/gasdermin C | / |
ZrNPs [143] | Pyroptosis | Lung cancer | / | Gasdermin D | IL-1β Caspase-1 |
