Fig. 7: Bithionol causes caspase-mediated apoptosis in AML cells. | Cell Death Discovery

Fig. 7: Bithionol causes caspase-mediated apoptosis in AML cells.

From: Bithionol eliminates acute myeloid leukaemia stem-like cells by suppressing NF-κB signalling and inducing oxidative stress, leading to apoptosis and ferroptosis

Fig. 7

A, B Effects of bithionol (28 μM) on the levels of active caspase 3 and (C, D) cleaved PARP (Asp214) after 24 h of treatment in KG-1a cells, as assessed by flow cytometry. *p < 0.05 compared with CTL by Student’s t test. MFI = mean fluorescence intensity. E Western blot of PARP from AML KG-1a, KG-1, Kasumi-1 and HL-60 cells treated with bithionol for 72 h. GAPDH was used as an internal control. F Effect of bithionol on mitochondrial activity in KG-1a cells after 24 h of incubation. *p < 0.05 compared with CTL by one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test. G, H Concentration‒response curves of WT SV40 MEFs and BAD KO SV40 MEFs upon treatment with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU, a positive control) and bithionol. The curves were obtained from at least three biological replicates carried out in duplicate via the Alamar blue assay after 72 h of incubation. I, J Induction of cell death in the WT SV40 MEFs and BAD KO SV40 MEFs after 48 h of incubation with 40 μM 5-FU and 28 μM bithionol. *p < 0.05 compared with CTL by Student’s t-test. Vehicle (0.2% DMSO) was used as a negative control (CTL). The data are shown as the mean ± SEM of three biological replicates carried out in duplicate.

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