Fig. 2: NETs disrupt BBB integrity after TBI.

A–C Western blotting and quantitative analysis of tight junction proteins (ZO-1 and occludin) in hCMECs from control and different concentrations of NETs (100 ng/mL and 500 ng/mL for 24 h) stimulation groups (n = 6). D, E Western blotting and quantitative analysis of citH3 3 days after TBI (n = 6). F–H Western-blotting and quantitative analysis of tight junction proteins (ZO-1 and occludin) in the cortex 3 days after TBI. I, J Representative images of double immunofluorescence staining of CD31 (green) and ZO-1 (red), and quantification of the percentage of ZO-1-covered area (%CD31 area) in the cortex 3 days after TBI (n = 3). Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue). Scale bars = 50 μm. K Representative images of brain tissue from the indicated treatment groups 3 days after TBI. The blue area indicates extravasation of Evans blue dye. L Quantification of leaked Evans blue dye in the ipsilateral cerebral hemisphere of mice from the indicated groups (n = 6). Data were presented as the mean ± SD, ns not significant. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.