Fig. 3: Extracellular ammonia causes accumulation of cellular components associated with the endolysosomal system.
From: Low extracellular pH protects cancer cells from ammonia toxicity
A–D Mass spectrometry-based quantitative proteomics was performed on A549 cells cultured for 24 h in the absence/presence of 4 mM NH4Cl. A Heatmap representation of differentially expressed proteins with hierarchical clustering of samples (control samples: C1-3, 4 mM NH4Cl samples: N1-3). Shades of red indicate up-regulated proteins; shades of green indicate down-regulated proteins. B Volcano plot of all identified proteins. The red line depicts the border of significance (see Material and Methods). C Depiction of fold enrichment of displayed cellular components based on gene ontology enrichment analysis. D Table listing the 25 most upregulated proteins. E A549 cells were cultured for two days in media with the indicated concentrations of NH4Cl. Cells were then fixed with MeOH, stained by immunohistochemistry, and analysed by fluorescence microscopy. Dotted lines depict nuclei.
