Fig. 1: Effect of NCA on mitochondrial dynamics.

A Mitochondrial networks were analyzed by immunostainings after treatment with NCA or DMSO for 6 h at the indicated concentrations. Representative images on top panel, nuclei shown in blue, Hsp60 in green (scale bar 25 µm). Brightness was adjusted to improve visibility. Bottom row shows MiNA analysis, purple area represents mitochondrial footprint, green lines mitochondrial length, blue dots connection sites, and yellow dots the end of network structures. B Protein expression of optic atrophy protein 1 (OPA1) assessed by Western blotting. Left panel shows representative blot. Normalized data (A) and ratio of S- over L-splicing form B are presented in bar graphs as mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was analyzed by one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s posttest compared to mean of DMSO control (ns not significant, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001).