Fig. 6: Validation of 1C metabolism inhibitors in patient-derived organoid and TCGA data reveals potential for enhanced therapeutic strategies in gastric cancer.

A Kaplan–Meier survival curves for 1C gene^high/CD44^high and 1C gene^low/CD44^low groups in the TCGA stomach adenocarcinoma cohort. The p-values were calculated by the Log-rank test. B Organoid viability of GC141_C2 organoid in response to 1C metabolism inhibitors and chemotherapeutic drugs (cisplatin 3 μM; SHIN1 15 μM; DS18561882 40 μM). C, D The synergistic effects of multiple drugs were validated using the HSA and Bliss models (HSA scores ≥10 indicate strong synergism, ≥5 moderate synergism; Bliss scores, typically ranging between −1 and 1, are interpreted as strong synergism if ≥0.1 and minimal synergism if ≥0.025). Statistical comparisons were performed using ANOVA (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001, ns not significant).