Table 1 Ferroptosis-targeted therapeutics in clinical trials.

From: Harnessing ferroptosis to transform glioblastoma therapy and surmount treatment resistance

Drugs	Targets	Ferroptosis	Trial No	Phase	Disease condition	Status
Altretamine	GPX4	Inducer	NCT00002936	I	Lymphoma and Sarcoma	Completed
Withaferin A			NCT00689195	I/II	Advanced osteosarcoma	Recruiting
Withaferin A			NCT05610735	I/II	Recurrent ovarian cancer	Recruiting
Gemcitabine			NCT06015659	II	Pancreatic cancer	Recruiting
Gemcitabine			NCT05147272	I	Advanced solid tumor	Active, not recruiting
Neratinib	Iron activator	Inducer	NCT03377387	I/II	Metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer	Active, not recruiting
Neratinib	Iron activator		NCT04366713	II	HER2 amplified breast cancer	Completed
Atorvastatin	HMGCR		NCT00816244	II	Postmenopausal breast cancer	Completed
Fluvastatin			NCT00416403	II	Ductal carcinoma, Stage-I breast cancer	Completed
Simvastatin			NCT03454529	II	Stage-I/II breast cancer	Completed
Cisplatin	GSH depletion	Inducer	NCT04574960	III	Upper tract invasive cancer	Recruiting
Buthionine Sulfoximine			NCT00002730	I	Neuroblastoma	Completed
Buthionine Sulfoximine			NCT00005835	I	Resistant or recurrent high-risk neuroblastoma	Completed
Acetaminophen			NCT01783236	IV	Lung tumor	Completed
Sorafenib	Cysteine transporter		NCT02559778	II	Advanced neuroblastoma	Recruiting
			NCT00449033	III	Stage-IV non-small cell lung cancer	Completed
			NCT01371981	III	Newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia	Active, not recruiting
			NCT01203787	IV	Hepatocellular carcinoma	Completed
			NCT00064350	II	Refractory non-small cell lung cancer	Completed
			NCT03247088	I/II	Recurrent or refractory acute myeloid leukemia	Active, not recruiting
			NCT02069145	I	Hepatocellular cancer	Completed
Sulfasalazine			NCT03847311	II	Breast cancer	Completed
			NCT04205357	I	Recurrent glioblastoma	Completed
			NCT01577966	NA	Glioma	Completed
Temozolomide			NCT01781403	I	Rectal cancer	Completed
			NCT04091503	I	Glioblastoma	Completed
	DNMT		NCT00022711	II	Relapsed or progressive small cell lung cancer	Completed
	DNMT		NCT05128734	II	Triple negative breast cancer	Not yet recruiting
Leflunomide	DHODH	Inducer	NCT06454383	I	Advanced unresectable pancreatic cancer	Recruiting
			NCT05937191	I/II	Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis	Recruiting
			NCT00003775	II	Anaplastic astrocytoma	Completed
			NCT06540937	II	MEN-1 neuroendocrine tumor	Recruiting
			NCT05007678	III	COVID-19	Completed
Brequinar			NCT04575038	II	COVID-19	Completed
Edaravone	Radical-trapping antioxidants	Inducer	NCT00415519	III	Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis	Completed
			NCT00200356	IV	Acute ischemic stroke	Completed
			NCT00265239	IV	Acute myocardial infarction	Completed
			NCT01865201	II	Temporal lobe necrosis	Completed
			NCT02430350	III	Acute ischemic stroke	Completed
Promethazine			NCT04805073	IV	Pruritus	Completed
Menaquinone-4			NCT00548509	IV	Bone turnover	Completed
Menaquinone-4			NCT00960973	IV	Glucose metabolism	Completed
Artesunate	ROS, NCOA4 and FTH1		NCT02633098	II	Stage-II/ III colorectal cancer	Recruiting
Artesunate	ROS, NCOA4 and FTH1		NCT00764036	I	Metastatic breast cancer	Completed
Rosiglitazone	ACSL4	Inhibitor	NCT04114136	II	Solid tumor malignancies	Recruiting
			NCT00309309	II	Kidney transplant	Completed
			NCT00492700	II	Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis	Completed
			NCT00688207	I	Mild Alzheimer’s disease	Completed
			NCT00004180	II	Liposarcoma	Completed
			NCT00367744	II	HIV-1	Completed
			NCT00065065	II	Ulcerative colitis	Completed
			NCT00182052	III	Androgen dependent prostate cancer	Completed
Zileuton	ALOX5		NCT01136941	I	Sickle cell disease	Completed
			NCT00070486	II	Advanced non-small cell lung cancer	Completed
			NCT00056004	II	Bronchial dysplasia	Completed
			NCT02348203	II	Biomarker expression in nasal tissue	Completed
			NCT02348203	II	Nasal tissue of current smokers	Completed
Terameprocol	Pan LOXs		NCT02575794	I	High-grade glioma	Completed
Tetra-O-Methyl Nordihydroguaiaretic Acid			NCT00404248	I/II	Recurrent high-grade glioma	Completed
DXZ	Iron chelator		NCT03589729	II	Blood cancers	Recruiting
Deferasirox			NCT03387475	II	Low-risk MDS resistant or relapsing after ESA agents	Completed
Deferiprone			NCT05604131	II	Acute myocardial infarction	Recruiting
Deferoxamine			NCT00800761	IV	Cardiac disease in thalassemia	Completed
			NCT00777140	II	Middle cerebral artery occlusion	Completed
			NCT04633889	II	Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury	Completed
			NCT04566991	II	Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage	Recruiting
Mifepristone	GSH-synthesis	Inhibitor	NCT03015701	III	Meningioma	Completed
			NCT01419535	I/II	Glucose intolerance	Completed
			NCT00255177	II	Hepatitis C	Completed
			NCT00140478	II	Androgen independent prostate cancer	Completed
			NCT03015701	III	Meningioma	Completed
NAC			NCT00775476	II	Systemic lupus Erythematosus	Recruiting
			NCT03306979	II	Vascular impairment	Completed
			NCT05241262	I	m.3243A>G mutation	Recruiting
			NCT05287724	Early phase-I	Prurogenic stimuli	Completed
			NCT04481048	II	Neurofibromatosis type 1	Active, not recruiting
			NCT05122559	II	Progressive multiple sclerosis	Recruiting

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Table 1 Ferroptosis-targeted therapeutics in clinical trials.

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