Fig. 1: Translation of non-canonical open reading frames (ncORFs) upon HBV gene expression. | Cell Discovery

Fig. 1: Translation of non-canonical open reading frames (ncORFs) upon HBV gene expression.

From: Multiomics interrogation into HBV (Hepatitis B virus)-host interaction reveals novel coding potential in human genome, and identifies canonical and non-canonical proteins as host restriction factors against HBV

Fig. 1

a The workflow for identification of novel ncORFs. b The subtypes of all translated ORFs identified in this study, see “Materials and methods” for detail. c The lengths distribution of newly identified ncORFs (blue) and previously annotated ORFs (red). See supplementary materials for detail. d A list of genes near which the expression of non-canonical ORFs (ncORFs) were altered by HBV. The peptides derived from the translation of these ncORFs were assessed by SILAC, with bar chart to indicate their relative ratios in the presence versus absence of HBV. e–h Ribosome occupancy profiles of host ncORFs related to GRWD1 (e) or PON2 (g). HBV+ or HBV− of the translational pattern was depicted in green or blue, respectively. The annotated MS/MS spectra of two representative peptides uniquely matched to the translational products of ncGRWD1 (f) or ncPON2 (h) was shown, respectively. The canonical ATG was depicted as black; the non-canonical ATG and the ncORF derived peptide were labeled as cyan. i, j The inhibitory effect of ncGRWD1 (i) or ncPON2 (j) on expression of HBV antigens was shown. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. ELISA data are presented as bar chart (n = 3).

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