Fig. 3: Transcriptome profile changes post intratumoral BNT162b2 injections.

a Schematic diagram of the experimental design of the RNA-seq. C57BL/6 mice were vaccinated with BNT162b2 via intramuscular injection on Days 2 and 5 after tumor inoculation; intratumoral BNT162b2 injections or PBS injections were performed on Days 10, 15, and 20. Tumor tissues were collected on Days 11, 17, 23, and 30 from mice in the BNT i.m.-BNT i.t. treatment group, as well as the BNT i.m.-PBS i.t. and PBS i.t. (mice only got PBS intratumoral injections) control groups, respectively. n = 3 each timepoint for each group. b Venn plot comparing the differential gene expression between intratumoral BNT162b2 treatment group (BNT i.m.-BNT i.t. group) and the two control groups (BNT i.m.-PBS i.t. group and PBS i.t. only group) at different time points. c Enriched GO terms of significantly upregulated genes after BNT162b2 intratumoral injections. d Heatmap showing the fold change of activation genes in the neutrophil, macrophage and T cell after BNT162b2 intratumoral injections. e The correlation between APC markers and T cell activation markers. Wilcoxon test was used to analyze statistical differences. f Dynamic expression of PD-L1 (CD274) during BNT162b2-based cancer therapy. Statistical differences between the BNT162b2 intratumoral injection group (BNT i.m.-BNT i.t. group) and the other two control groups (BNT i.m.-PBS i.t. group and PBS i.t. only group) were determined by DESeq2. g The correlation between the PD-L1 expression and the activation score of different cell types. BNT i.m.-PBS i.t. (control group-1): the mice with BNT162b2 intramuscular injections and PBS intratumoral injections. PBS i.t. (control group-2): the mice with only PBS intratumoral injections. BNT i.m.-BNT i.t. (treatment group): the mice with BNT162b2 intramuscular injections and BNT162b2 intratumoral injections. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; ****P < 0.0001. ns not statistically significant.