Fig. 1

Generation of human hepatic progenitor-like cells (hHPLCs) from fibroblasts by defined factors. a Scheme of the two-step reprogramming process. b Quantification of reprogrammed ALB⁺ cells in different hepatic progenitor culture media at 15 dpi. n = 2. c Quantification of reprogrammed ALB⁺ cells in optimized HEM at different time points. n = 3. d Bright field images of initiating HEFs, reprogrammed epithelial colonies at 14 dpi and epithelial cells at 35 dpi. e RT-qPCR analysis of hHPLCs, HEFs and hFLCs for human hepatic progenitor markers. Relative expression was normalized to hFLCs. n = 2. f Co-Immunofluorescence staining of hHPLCs for human hepatic progenitor markers AFP, CK8 and CK18 with ALB. g Hierarchical clustering of global gene expression of HEFs, hFLCs, F-PHHs and hHPLCs at different passages. h Heatmap of differentially expressed genes among HEFs, hFLCs and hHPLCs at different passages. i Population doubling time of hHPLCs at P5 and P30 as well as of HEFs at P3 and P10. n = 3. For all measurements, ‘n’ represents the number of biological replicates. The scale bars represent 50 μm. Data are presented as mean ± SEM