Fig. 1: Annotation of cell types by scRNA-seq in COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 BAL.

a UMAP representation of 65,166 cells (obtained from BAL from n = 13 non-COVID-19, n = 2 mild and n = 22 critical COVID-19 patients) by scRNA-seq color-coded for the indicated cell type. pDC, plasmacytoid dendritic cell; cDC, conventional dendritic cell; NK, natural-killer cell; Md_Mac, monocyte-derived macrophage; Alveolar_Mac, alveolar macrophage; AT2, alveolar type II epithelial cell. b UMAP panels stratified per individual patient, COVID-19 vs non-COVID-19 and mild vs critical COVID-19. c Relative contribution of each cell type (in %) in COVID-19 vs non-COVID-19. d Relative contribution of each cell type (in %) in mild vs critical COVID-19. P values were assessed by Mann–Whitney test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. After correction for disease severity, gender, age and underlying disorders (hypertension and type II diabetes), only neutrophils and epithelial cells differed significantly (P = 0.031 and P = 0.014, respectively).