Fig. 6: CR mimics the effects of PHGDH-T57A on HCC suppression.

a CR induces p-Ser58-p53 and apoptosis to an extent similar to PHGDH-T57A in HCC tissues. Mice with hepatic expression of wild-type PHGDH and PHGDH mutants were induced to develop HCC as in Fig. 5a, except that these mice were also subjected to CR starting at 16 weeks old. The level of p-Ser58-p53 was then determined by IHC (data are means ± SD, n = 8–13 fields from 7 mice, with P values calculated by one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey). See also apoptotic markers in HCC tissues in Supplementary information, Fig. S6a. The scale bars are 100 μm. b CR mimics the effects of PHGDH-T57A on HCC development. Statistics of tumor numbers were determined and are shown as in Fig. 5d. Data are means ± SEM, n = 11–14 (left) or 9–11 (right), with P values calculated by one-way ANOVA (left) or two-way (right) ANOVA, followed by Tukey. Experiments were performed three times.