Fig. 2: Bifunctional mRNAs exert coding functions and non-coding functions. | Cell Research

Fig. 2: Bifunctional mRNAs exert coding functions and non-coding functions.

From: Coding, or non-coding, that is the question

Fig. 2

In mRNA molecules (middle) three regions can be identified: the 5′UTR (red), the CDS (light blue) and the 3′UTR (green). (Top, orange) mRNAs are primarily protein-coding RNA molecules: they carry a primary ORF (the CDS), and they may also present a short uORF in the 5′UTR. (Bottom, blue) non-canonical non-coding functions have been attributed to mRNAs. The 5′UTR can exert non-coding functions in cis or in trans, by interacting with proteins. The CDS can be involved in non-coding RNA–protein or RNA–RNA interactions. The 3′UTR can exert non-coding functions within the concept of ceRNAs: due to MREs, 3′UTRs can sponge miRNAs, leading to the de-silencing of ceRNA partners that share MREs for the same miRNAs.

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