Table 2 List of lincRNAs and PGs that are translated into peptides/proteins with a role in human cancer.
lincRNA | ENCODED PEPTIDE | TUMOR TYPE | PEPTIDE EXPRESSION LEVEL | PEPTIDE ACTIVITY OUTPUT | PEPTIDE BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY | IN VIVO MODELS | Ref # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LINC00266-1 | RBRP | Colorectal cancer |
| Oncogenic | Binding to the m6A reader IGF2BP1. This results in increased c-Myc expression. | xenograft + patients | |
LINC00278 | YY1BM | Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma |
| Tumor-suppressive | Separation of YY1 from AR. This results in eEF2k downregulation. | xenograft + patients | |
LINC00665 | CIP2A-BP | Triple negative breast cancer |
| Tumor-suppressive | Binding to CIP2A. This results in increased dephosphorylation of AKT by PP2A, hence decreased signaling through the PI3K/AKT pathway. | xenograft + transgenic mice + patients | |
LINC00675 | FORCP | Colorectal cancer |
| Tumor-suppressive | Promotion of cancer cell apoptosis and suppression of tumorigenesis, possibly through the regulation of BRI3BP function. | xenograft | |
LINC00908 | ASRPS | Triple negative breast cancer |
| Tumor-suppressive | Impairment of STAT3 phosphorylation. This results in decreased VEGF expression. | xenograft + transgenic mice + patients | |
LINC00998 | SMIM30 | Hepatocellular carcinoma |
| Oncogenic | Binding to YES1. This results in increased signaling through the MAPK pathway. | xenograft + patients | |
PG | ENCODED PEPTIDE | TUMOR TYPE | PEPTIDE EXPRESSION LEVEL | PEPTIDE ACTIVITY OUTPUT | PEPTIDE BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY | IN VIVO MODELS | |
BRAF pseudogene | BRAF pseudogene peptide | Thyroid cancer (+CHO hamster cell line and NIH3T3 murine cell line) |
| Oncogenic | Promotion of signaling through the MAPK pathway. This leads to NIH3T3 cell transformation. | xenograft + patients | |
CRIPTO3 | CRIPTO3 protein | Cancer (+F9 murine cells (cripto–/–, Nodal+)) |
| Oncogenic | Activation of Nodal signaling pathway. | patients | |
MAPK6P4 | P4-135aa | Glioblastoma |
| Oncogenic | Phosphorylation and stabilization of KLF15. | xenograft + patients | |
NANOGP8 | NANOGP8 protein | Prostate cancer |
| Oncogenic | Cancer initiation in combination with c-MYC. | transgenic mice | |
NA88-A | NA88-A peptide | Melanoma |
| Tumor-suppressive | Antigenic peptide that is recognized by CD8+ T cells. | – | |
OCT4-PG1 | OCT4-PG1 protein | Chronic myeloid leukemia |
| Oncogenic | Alteration of multidrug resistance phenotype by directly interacting with OCT4, SOX2, and NANOG and indirectly with ABC transporters. | – | |
STK24P1 | P1-121aa | Glioblastoma |
| Oncogenic | Phosphorylation and stabilization of ELF2. This results in increased VEGFR2 and VE-cadherin expression. | xenograft + patients |
