Fig. 1

The microglial sensome is critical for the response to CNS viral infection. Schematic depiction of important microglial sensors involved in virus infection-mediated damage sensing. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are located on the cell surface or in endosomal compartments. TLR3 and TLR7 are involved viral genome sensing. RIG-I-like receptors such as RIG-I, MDA5, and cGAS are localized to the cytoplasm and sense the viral genome in the cytoplasm. The purinergic receptor P2RY12 is involved in ATP sensing and regulates microglial recruitment after cell damage. P2RY13 may play a role in microglial activation and responses upon ADP sensing during inflammation. Microglia express MHC-II molecules and may cross-present antigens to regulate T-cell responses in the CNS