Fig. 4

TAMs in bone metastasis. (A, upper panel) Monocytes are recruited to the metastatic site through CCL2 and differentiate into CD204 + IL4R+ TAMs that sustain cancer. (A, lower panel) CD137 expression on TAMs mediates macrophage migration to the tumor site. CD137+ TAMs differentiate into osteoclasts that support the colonization of cancer cells. (B, upper panel) TAMs release CCL20, which engages CCR6 on Tregs, leading to T-cell dysfunction and tumor immune escape. (B, lower panel). Activin A released by macrophages activates an FN1-dependent ECM program in tumor cells, resulting in tumor growth. Created with Biorender.com