Scheme 3

a Preparation of acrylamide DDDEEK(Dde)C. b Modification of porous anodic alumina (PAA) membrane, gold surface of QCM-D resonator, or electrode with poly{N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylamide 1-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2-thiourea0.2-co-acrylamide-DDDEEKC0.2} (denoted as PNI-co-CF3-PT0.2-co-DDDEEKC0.2) via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization