Fig. 6: Demonstration of the mechanisms in the PVDF/BT@TO ns composites.

a Schematic showing the role of the filler for electron scattering and interface engineering in the PVDF/BT@TO ns composites. Simulated results of the b space charge density, c electric displacement, d whole current density distribution (the inset is the local current line at the edge of one BT@TO hybrid nanosheet), and e 2D distribution of current density in the yoz plane of the PVDF/BT@TO ns composites in a 500 MV m−1 electric field along the z-axis.