Fig. 5: Effects of Pt NCs on cell cycle, DNA damage, and mitochondrial membrane potential in MG-63 (P53−).

A The detection of the cell cycle showed that the percentage of cells in the G1 phase increased, suggesting that the cells were arrested in the G1 phase. B Western blot of γH2A.X, representing DNA damage. C Detection of mitochondrial membrane potential, representing mitochondrial apoptosis. Green fluorescence represents a lower mitochondrial membrane potential, and its percentage reduction represents a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, indicating early mitochondrial apoptosis.