Fig. 2: Bulk magnetometry characterization.

a FC and ZFC temperature-dependent in-plane magnetization M-T of the LSMO/STO heterostructure with a 50 Oe cooling field; the inset shows dM/dT. Magnetization hysteresis before remanent field correction at (b) 5 K, (c) 90, and 300 K [inset in (c) shows the descending field cycle at 90 and 120 K]. Magnetization hysteresis after correcting the remanent field of the superconducting solenoid using a Pd reference sample at (d) 5 K and (e) 90 K. f Minor hysteresis loop (before remanent field correction) measured using different field cycles at 90 K. Schematic of the magnetic field cycling sequence (g) and calculated remanent field (h) of the superconducting solenoid at 90 K using the Pd reference sample. i Minor hysteresis loop after remanent field correction at 90 K.