Table 1 LT performance of LIBs with different cathodes.

LFP/C

0.5 C

−20 °C

89.3 mAh g⁻¹

58.70%

¹²

LFP/C

0.1 C

−20 °C

130.1 mAh g⁻¹

78.40%

⁵⁰

LFP/C–Sn

0.5 C

0 °C

119 mAh g⁻¹

82.07%

⁵¹

nano-LFP/C

0.1 C

−20 °C

126 mAh g⁻¹

78.75%

⁵²

LFP/PPy

0.1 C

−20 °C

128 mAh g⁻¹

83.66%

⁵³

LFP@C/CNT

0.2 C

−25 °C

114.24 mAh g⁻¹

71.40%

⁵⁴

LCTONF

1 C

−20 °C

100 mAh g⁻¹

60.24%

⁵⁵

AlF3-coated Li_1.2Ni_0.13Co_0.13Mn_0.54O₂/C

0.1 C

−20 °C

109.3 mAh g⁻¹

44.72%

⁵⁶

LiMn_0.8Fe_0.2PO₄/C

0.1 C

−15 ° C

97 mAh g⁻¹

65.00%

⁵⁷

LMO

0.2 C

−20 °C

61.78 mAh g⁻¹

60.60%

⁵⁸

NCM 111

0.5 C

−20 °C

111 mAh g⁻¹

70.00%

⁵⁹

NCM 532

0.1 C

−20 °C

101.3 mAh g⁻¹

64.85%

³⁸

Mo-doped NVP/C

−25 °C

72.5%

²¹

M-LVP/C

0.1 C

−20 °C

84.3 mAh g^-1

65.50%

⁶⁰

R-LVP/C

0.2 C

−30 °C

80%

²⁰