Fig. 1

Packaging of DNA within eukaryotic cells. Nucleosomes and their conformation. DNA is packaged into octamers coupled with histones H2A, H2B, H3, and H4. Additionally, there is the presence of the linker histone H1 or H5, depending on the organism. Histone mRNAs undergo strict regulation and are abundant specifically during the S-phase, ensuring a sufficient supply of histone proteins essential for the packaging of recently duplicated DNA. Histones, highly conserved across evolution, constitute the basic building block of chromatin known as the nucleosome, responsible for enclosing the freshly replicated chromosomal DNA. “Created with BioRender.com”