Table 1 Anthropometry and body fat percentage bioelectrical impedance measurements at the ends of both intervention periods for each participant.

From: Short-term low-carbohydrate diet decreases body weight and fat mass but not muscle strength in children and young people with type 1 diabetes

 

End of LCD visit

End of RCD visit

LCD effect (95% CI)

P value

Body weight (kg)

61.7 (17.6)

62.6 (17.9)

−0.94 (−1.46 to −0.42)

<0.001

Body weight (SDS)

0.84 (1.0)

0.94 (0.99)

−0.11 (−0.15 to −0.06)

<0.001

Body height (cm)

164 (12.5)

164 (12.4)

−0.003 (−0.11 to 0.10)

0.954

Body height (SDS)

0.11 (0.63)

0.10 (0.66)

0.015 (−0.03 to 0.05)

0.448

Body mass index (kg/m2)

22.3 (4.19)

22.7 (4.26)

−0.36 (−0.53 to −0.19)

<0.001

Body mass index (SDS)

0.81 (0.98)

0.91 (0.98)

−0.10 (−0.15 to −0.06)

<0.001

Waist circumference (cm)

77.6 (12.7)

79 (12.6)

−1.42 (−2.24 to −0.61)

0.001

Waist circumference SDS

0.79 (0.98)

0.94 (0.94)

−0.16 (−0.24 to −0.08)

0.001

Arm circumference (cm)

28.1 (4.52)

28.6 (4.57)

−0.49 (−0.79 to −0.18)

0.003

Arm circumference SDS

1.34 (1.01)

1.49 (1.00)

−0.15 (−0.25 to −0.05)

0.004

Calf circumference (cm)

36.2 (4.47)

36.5 (4.32)

−0.35 (−0.57 to −0.12)

0.004

Calf circumference SDS

0.81 (1.01)

0.95 (0.99)

−0.15 (−0.24 to −0.05)

0.003

Body fat calculated SDS

0.65 (1.1)

0.74 (1.07)

−0.08 (−0.20 to 0.05)

0.221

Calculated fat−free arm circumference (cm)

23.2 (3.27)

23.4 (3.29)

−0.205 (−0.61 to 0.20)

0.304

Body fat percentagea(bioimpedance) (N = 15)

24.5 (9.85)

25.3 (9.91)

−0.79 (−1.21 to −0.38)

0.001

  1. Body weight, BMI and waist, arm and calf circumference and body fat percentage assessed by bioimpedance were significantly decreased at the end of the LCD period.
  2. Data are shown as means (SD). Statistically significant differences are marked in bold.
  3. aFor the bioimpedance measurement, only data of the last 15 participants were used.
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