Table 1 Participant descriptive statistics.

Sample

n

667

333

1000

Descriptives

Age

years

28.37 ± 7.40

27.73 ± 6.76

28.17 ± 7.22

Height

cm

176.57 ± 7.31

162.83 ± 7.23

172.27 ± 9.68

Body mass

kg

86.25 ± 11.54

67.91 ± 9.51

80.50 ± 13.86

Body mass index

kg/m²

27.66 ± 3.24

25.60 ± 3.00

27.01 ± 3.31

Race

Asian, non-Hispanic

# (%)

10

1

11 (1.1%)

Black, non-Hispanic

# (%)

74

37

111 (11.1%)

Hispanic

# (%)

183

112

295 (29.5%)

White, non-Hispanic

# (%)

397

183

580 (58%)

Other

# (%)

3

0

3 (0.3%)

Fat^a

Arm fat

kg

2.16 ± 0.73

2.41 ± 0.72

2.24 ± 0.73

Leg fat

kg

6.47 ± 2.22

8.37 ± 2.38

7.07 ± 2.44

Trunk fat

kg

10.80 ± 4.58

10.19 ± 3.76

10.60 ± 4.35

Total fat

kg

20.40 ± 7.22

21.83 ± 6.49

20.84 ± 7.03

Relative body fat

%BF

23.12 ± 6.31

31.70 ± 6.18

25.81 ± 7.43

Visceral adipose tissue

cm²

60.12 ± 45.27

37.12 ± 30.87

53.76 ± 43.02

Fat-free^a

Arm fat-free mass

kg

9.47 ± 1.53

5.25 ± 0.94

8.15 ± 2.39

Leg fat-free mass

kg

23.20 ± 3.19

15.91 ± 2.27

20.91 ± 4.48

Trunk fat-free mass

kg

29.63 ± 3.66

21.26 ± 2.61

27.01 ± 5.14

Total fat-free mass

kg

66.46 ± 8.06

46.10 ± 5.56

60.08 ± 11.98

Water^b

Total body water

L

48.85 ± 6.08

33.75 ± 4.28

42.94 ± 9.16