Table 1 Summary of the clinical features and FLCN variants in patients with BHDS.

From: A systematic review assessing the existence of pneumothorax-only variants of FLCN. Implications for lifelong surveillance of renal tumours

Feature

Frequency % (n)

Age first noted, median, range (n)

Age at report, median, range (n)

Geography % (n)

Genotype % (n)

References

NA

EU

EA

I

MS

FS/N

LD

T

 

Pulmonary cysts

91.9 (720)

N/A

46, 14–85 (394)

89.0 (245)

88.2 (152)

96.8 (312)

89.5 (86)

90.7 (43)

93.0 (571)

75.0 (12)

75 (8)

[2, 4,5,6, 8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18, 20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41]

Pneumothorax

50.9 (1038)

34, 10–78 (257)

46, 14–92 (344)

35.1 (342)

44.6 (336)

73.9 (337)

52.3 (109)

62.3 (53)

50.8 (834)

39.4 (34)

11.1 (9)

[2, 4,5,6, 8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18, 20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41]

Renal malignancy

22.5 (929)

47, 14–83 (108)

52, 14–92 (121)

23.9 (314)

27.1 (306)

16.4 (286)

29.0 (107)

25.0 (56)

21.7 (725)

18.8 (32)

11.1 (9)

[2, 6, 8, 10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18, 20, 21, 24,25,26,27,28,29, 31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41]

Dermatological manifestations

47.9 (989)

38, 20–65 (44)

51, 22–92 (213)

73.4 (342)

50.3 (304)

20.6 (320)

65.4 (104)

26.9 (52)

47.5 (794)

26.7 (30)

77.8 (9)

[2, 4,5,6, 8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18, 20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41]

  1. NA North America, EU Europe, EA East Asia, I intronic, MS missense/in-frame deletion, FS/N frameshift/nonsense, LD large deletion/duplication, T transcription initiation variant.