Fig. 4

Mean and standard deviations of slope from linear regressions of genetic (Dps) and geographic distance in the simulated a, c and observed b, d data for female a, b and male c, d dyads. The x-axis in all panels is density, where densities for the simulated data included low, medium, and high densities equal to 2, 12, and 25 bears per 100 km2; population-specific densities for the observed data as reported in Table 1. For the simulated data, lighter colors indicated the philopatry scenarios and darker colors the no philopatry scenarios; circles and triangles represent low and high genetic diversity scenarios, respectively. Populations from the observed dataset included the following historic populations (squares; TN (yellow), WV (brown; U—unknown density), OZ (moss), and OU (blue)) and recent populations (circles; BSF (red), PM (orange), MO–MO (light green), MO–OZ (forest green), and OK (purple))