Fig. 2

Ecological space of climatic and soil conditions in the Neotropics for H. impetiginosus. a Climatic niche space during the LGM (21ka, green squares), present day (yellow dots), and the EOC (2100, purple triangles). The climatic preferences from the current occurrence records of H. impetiginosus are represented by black dots. The climatic conditions matching the species preferences were less available during the LGM than the present day, mainly due to temperature decrease. b Soil niche space for the present day (yellow dots) and current occurrence (black dots). CEC is the subsoil clay cationic exchange capacity. Note the high variation in soil conditions matching the species preferences. Occurrence records of H. impetiginosus were obtained from the online databases GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility, http://www.gbif.org/). EOC, end of century; LGM, last glacial maximum