Fig. 3: Effects of selfing on the wave of gene advance.
From: The wave of gene advance under diverse systems of mating

a, c Traveling wave of allele frequency; b, d HWD coefficients. Results are derived at generation t = 100. a, b Refer to the results under uniform population density. c, d Refer to the results under nonuniform population density, (ln(n))′ ≠ 0. Common parameters are the gametic selection coefficient sh = 0.02, zygotic selection coefficient sd = 0.04, pollen dispersal variance = 0.05, and seed dispersal variance = 0.01. The initial population is set as pA = 1.0, DA = 0.0, and n0 = 100 for the case of (ln(n))′ ≠ 0.