Table 2 Results of dbRDA and partial-RDA models for the Great Plains and Rocky Mountain contact zones, and the two separate transects within each, examining the influence of elevation, habitat, latitude, and isolation-by-distance on genetic variation.

From: Do habitat and elevation promote hybridization during secondary contact between three genetically distinct groups of warbling vireo (Vireo gilvus)?

 

F

p

Inertia

R2

F

p

Inertia

R2

F

p

Inertia

R2

Great Plains

Great Plains combined

Southern Great Plains

Northern Great Plains

Microsatellite genetic distance

Elevation

8.70

<0.001

3.701

2.85%

3.83

<0.001

1.59

1.86%

3.86

<0.001

1.70

4.20%

Habitat

3.97

<0.001

5.05

3.94%

2.24

<0.001

2.77

3.24%

3.63

<0.001

3.12

7.71%

Elevation and habitat

3.92

<0.001

6.59

5.15%

2.21

<0.001

3.62

4.25%

2.83

<0.001

3.63

9.87%

Geographic distance

11.15

<0.001

4.71

3.68%

6.06

<0.001

2.49

2.91%

3.69

<0.001

1.63

4.02%

Elevation and habitat| Geographic distance

2.23

<0.001

3.71

2.90%

1.68

<0.001

3.72

3.18%

2.00

<0.001

2.56

6.33%

mtDNA genetic distance

Elevation

155.11

<0.001

18.52

44.69%

153.31

<0.001

9.79

56.51%

20.40

<0.001

4.70

22.08%

Habitat

104.41

<0.001

25.80

62.24%

64.86

<0.001

10.85

62.65%

38.32

<0.001

9.58

51.91%

Elevation and habitat

92.41

<0.001

27.42

66.17%

84.46

<0.001

12.93

74.61%

25.50

<0.001

9.63

52.22%

Geographic distance

111.20

<0.001

15.20

36.68%

105.21

<0.001

8.17

47.14%

12.09

<0.001

2.65

14.38%

Elevation and Habitat|geographic distance

50.25

<0.001

13.56

32.72%

59.07

<0.001

6.18

35.66%

24.10

<0.001

8.08

43.82%

Rocky Mountains

Rocky Mountains combined

Western Rocky Mountains

Eastern Rocky Mountains

Microsatellite genetic distance

Elevation

1.09

0.28

0.43

0.23%

1.98

<0.001

0.77

0.95%

1.28

0.08

0.51

0.49%

Habitat

1.23

0.03

1.46

1.00%

1.28

0.020

1.49

1.84%

1.01

0.46

1.20

1.16%

Habitat and elevation

1.13

0.12

1.77

0.95%

1.37

0.003

2.11

2.61%

1.23

0.03

1.94

1.88%

Geographic distance

1.06

0.34

0.42

0.23%

1.86

<0.001

0.72

0.88%

1.70

0.005

0.67

0.65%

Elevation and Habitat|geographic distance

1.14

0.10

1.79

0.97%

1.32

0.004

2.00

0.89%

1.20

0.04

1.89

1.83%

Latitude

1.176

0.18

0.46

0.25%

2.12

0.002

0.82

1.01%

2.23

<0.001

0.88

0.86%

  1. Variables following vertical bars were controlled for in the model. All models in bold were considered significant at p < 0.05.
  2. F = pseudo F score, p = p value, inertia represents the amount of information in the dataset, and R2 is the percent of variation explained by each variable.
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