Fig. 5: Changes in enzyme activity and gene expression in mature leaves.

Activities of enzymes (a) and relative mRNA expression of genes (b) related to sucrose and sorbitol metabolism in mature leaves of wild-type (WT) and transgenic lines (L1, L4, and L9). Quantitative RT-PCR was performed with gene-specific primers using MdActin as an internal control. Error bars represent SD based on 3 independent replicates. Statistically significant differences among values (at P < 0.05) were detected with independent t-tests and SPSS software