Fig. 5: Comparisons of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and chloroplast structures between MdATG8i-overexpressing and WT plants under 80 days of normal or drought conditions. | Horticulture Research

Fig. 5: Comparisons of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and chloroplast structures between MdATG8i-overexpressing and WT plants under 80 days of normal or drought conditions.

From: Overexpression of MdATG8i improves water use efficiency in transgenic apple by modulating photosynthesis, osmotic balance, and autophagic activity under moderate water deficit

Fig. 5

a Maximum quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm). b Effective quantum yield of PSII [Y(II)]. c Electron transport rate of PSII [ETR (II)]. d Photochemical quenching (qP). e Transmission electron microscopic (TEM) images of chloroplasts in leaves from MdATG8i-overexpressing apple lines and WT plants. T thylakoid, SG starch granules. Scale bars = 1 μm. f Starch concentrations under normal or drought conditions. The data are the means of three replicates with SDs. Values with the different letters differed significantly at P < 0.05 according to Tukey’s multiple range test.

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