Fig. 5: Comparative analysis of flavonoid and anthocyanin contents in AaYABBY5-OE plants, AaYABBY5 AnT. plants, and control plants, as well as phenotypic analysis of transgenic plants.
From: Transcriptional regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis in Artemisia annua by AaYABBY5
a Comparative analysis of total flavonoid content in AaYABBY5-OE plants, AaYABBY5 AnT. plants, vector-containing (35S), and wild-type plants, showing a significant increase in the total flavonoid content of AaYABBY5 OE plants compared to AaYABBY5 AnT. plants and control ones. Similarly, AnT. plants showed a decrease in the concentration of flavonoids. b–d Phenotypic analysis of transgenic plants showing deep purple pigmentation in the stems of AaYABBY5-OE plants, whereas no purple-color phenotype was found in wild-type and/or antisense AaYABBY5 plants. Scale bars = 8 cm in (b) and (c) and 4 cm in (d). e Comparative analysis of anthocyanin concentrations in AaYABBY5-OE plants, AaYABBY5 AnT. plants, and vector-containing (35S) and wild-type plants, showing a significant increase in the total anthocyanin content of AaYABBY5-OE plants compared to AaYABBY5 AnT. plants and control ones. In contrast, AaYABBY5 AnT. plants showed a decrease in the concentration of anthocyanins. f Coloric representation of anthocyanin enrichment in the anthocyanin extract of AaYABBY5-OE plants showing the red color of the anthocyanin extract, an indication of an increased amount of anthocyanins. Scale bars = 4 cm. g, h Phenotypic analysis showing broader lamina in AaYABBY5-OE plants (ii) compared to AaYABBY5 AnT. plants (i). Scale bars = 3.5 cm and 10 cm in g and h, respectively. The graph shows the mean values ± SD of three experimental replicates. Error bars show standard deviation for sample, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using Student’s t test. **P < 0.01, *P < 0.05
