Table 2 Time of most recent common ancestor (TMRCA) of novel haplogroups and their origins.
From: Diversity and distribution of mitochondrial DNA in non-Austronesian-speaking Taiwanese individuals
Temptative local names of Novel Haplogroups | TMRCA (kya) estimated from this study and literature complete mtDNA dataset (Table 1) | Number of complete mtDNA genomes observed in this clade (This study) | Number of partial mtDNA lineages (this study and literature data set) | Hapllogroups exclusive to NAN_Tw | Main location | Temptative origin | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | A20_16148 | 1 (0.1; 2.1) | 2 | 7 | Exclusive | Changhua, Yunlin | NorthEast China |
2 | B4a_16234 | 0.7(0; 1.7) | 1 | 6 | Exclusive | Kaohsiung | East Coast China (Fujian) |
3 | B4c1b2b_16305 | 3.2 (−0.1; 6.7) | 1 | 9 | Exclusive | Ur_Tw | MSEA/Taiwan |
4 | B4c1b2c1_16280 | 2.6 (−1.2; 3.8) | 1 | 2 | Exclusive | Changhua | MSEA/Taiwan |
5 | B4c1b2c2_10250 | na < 8.84 (5;12) | 1 | 3 | Exclusive | Kaohsiung | East Coast China (Fujian), MSEA/ ISEA |
6 | B4h1_10581 | na < 9 (5;12) | 1 | 7 | Exclusive | Changhua | East Coast China (Fujian), MSEA |
7 | C7a_10310 | 8.8 (5.3; 12.4) | 1 | 8 | Exclusive | Ur_Tw | China/MSEA |
8 | D4a3b_16294 | 7.8 (1; 15.9) | 1 | 4 | Exclusive | Ur_Tw | East Coast China (Fujian) |
9 | D4b1b2_16380 | 3.2 (−0.1; 6.7) | 2 | 5 | Exclusive | Ur_Tw, Green Island | NorthEast China/Japan |
10 | D4b2b2b_16274 | 4.3 (0.5; 8.2) | 1 | 2 | Exclusive | Yunlin | NorthEast China/Japan |
11 | D4b2b_10310 | 7.8 (1; 15.9) | 1 | 2E | Exclusive | Yunlin | China/Japan |
12 | D5a2a1b1_16293 | 2.6 (−0.3; 5.6) | 1 | 11 | Exclusive | Penghu Island | NorthEast China/Japan |
13 | D5b1b2_16249 | 2.6 (0.6; 4.6) | 1 | 2 | Exclusive | Yunlin | China/MSEA |
14 | F1a1_8589 | 2.6 (−1.2; 6.4) | 1 | 4 | Exclusive | Papura | East Coast China (Fujian)/MSEA |
15 | F2_10313 | 2.2 (0.3; 4.1) | 1 | 6 | Exclusive | Changhua | East Coast China (Fujian)/MSEA |
16 | F2_8264 | 4.6 (0; 9.3) | 1 | 10 | Exclusive | Yilan | East Coast China (Fujian)/MSEA |
17 | F4a2_16243 | 6.7 (2.4; 11.2) | 1 | 2 | Exclusive | Penghu | NorthEast China |
18 | F4b1_8665 | 4.5 (1.8; 7.2) | 1 | 1 | Exclusive | Changhua | Fujian, AN_Tw, ISEA |
19 | M7b1a1_11659 | na < 10.3 (7.3; 13.4) | 1 | 1 | Exclusive | Green Island | East Coast China (Fujian) |
20 | M7b1a1a1b_16162 | na <3.6 (0.6; 6.8) | 1 | 4 | Exclusive | Kaohsiung | China/MSEA |
21 | M7b1a1a_8406 | 1.9 (−0.9; 4.8) | 1 | 3 | Exclusive | Kaohsiung | China/MSEA |
22 | M7b2a_8389 | 2.6 (−0.5; 5.7) | 1 | 5 | Exclusive | Yilan | East Coast China/MSEA/ISEA |
23 | M7c1a3a_469 | 2.6 (-1; 6.2) | 3 | 3 | vxclusive | Changhua, Yilan, Yunlin | NorthEast China/Japan |
24 | M7c1a3a_1664 | na < 5 (2.4; 7.8) | 1 | 1 | Exclusive | Matsu | NorthEast China/Japan |
25 | M7c1a3_3027 | 1.9 (−0.3; 4.2) | 2 | 2 | Exclusive | Ur_Tw, Chiayi | NorthEast China/Japan |
26 | M7c1a4a_16173 | 3.7 (1.2; 6.3) | 2 | 11 | Exclusive | Penghu Island, Miaoli | China/ISEA |
27 | M7c1a4b(16295 < -) | 5.2 (−0.2; 10.8) | 1 | 6 | Exclusive | Ur_Tw | AN_Tw |
28 | M8a2_8503 | 1.3 (−1.2; 3.8) | 1 | 3 | Exclusive | Yunlin | China |
29 | M8a2a1_8410 | 1.7 (−1.6; 5.1) | 1 | 3 | Exclusive | Yilan | China |
30 | N10_10586 | 1.3 (−1.2; 3.8) | 1 | 2 | Exclusive | Chiayi | ISEA |
31 | Z4_16248 | 1.3 (−1.2; 3.8) | 1 | 5 | Exclusive | Yunlin | NorthEast China (Fujian) |
32 | B4a5_8730 | 1.0 (0; 3.3) | 1 | 2 | Yunlin | East Coast China (Fujian) | |
33 | B4b1a2a_16309 | 4.8 (0.3; 9.3) | 1 | 28 | Changhua | MSEA, East Coast China (Fujian) | |
34 | B4c1b2a_16242 | 3.8 (−0.1; 6.7) | 2 | 15 | Changhua | East Coast China (Fujian), MSEA/ ISEA | |
35 | B5a_16260/274 | 4.3 (−0.2; 9) | 1 | 8 | Ur_Tw | East Coast China (Fujian), MSEA, ISEA | |
36 | B6a1a_16051 | 15.0 (7;23) | 1 | 6 | Kinmen | East Coast China (Fujian)/ ISEA/MSEA | |
37 | D4a3b2_16278 | 1.6 (0.3; 3) | 2 | 55 | Ur_Tw, Yunlin | East Coast China (Fujian) | |
38 | F1a1_10463 | 8.9 (3.3; 14.7) | 1 | 21 | Changhua | East Coast China (Fujian)/MSEA | |
39 | F1a1_8265 | na < 12.2 (5; 19.7) | 1 | 1 | Matsu | East Coast China (Fujian) | |
40 | F1a1a_16311 | 7 (0.7; 13.6) | 2 | 18 | Ur_Tw, Matsu | East Coast China (Fujian)/MSEA | |
41 | F1a3b | 10.8 (3.6; 18.3) | 1 | 38 | Kaohsiung | East Coast China (Fujian) | |
42 | F1a_10604 | 8.3 (4.5; 12.2) | 1 | 19 | Ur_Tw | NorthEast China | |
43 | F2a1_16318 | 2.6 (0.6; 4.6) | 1 | 18 | Matsu | East Coast China (Fujian) | |
44 | F2b1 | 1.3 (−1.2; 3.8) | 1 | 45 | Kinmen | East Coast China (Fujian)/MSEA | |
45 | M7b1a1f | 10.3 (7.3; 13.4) | 1 | 65 | Yunlin | East Coast China (Fujian)/MSEA | |
46 | M7b1a1h_16400 | na < 7.9 (2.7; 13.3) | 1 | 13 | Chiayi | East Coast China (Fujian)/MSEA | |
47 | M7c1_16104 | na | 1 | 2 | Yunlin | East Coast China/MSEA/ISEA | |
48 | M7c1a1a_9833 | 2.6 (−1; 6.2) | 1 | 4 | Matsu | South China/Japan | |
49 | M7b1a1_12361 | na < 10.3 (7.3; 13.4) | 1 | 1 | Green Island | China/Japan/MSEA | |
50 | M7c1b2b_8404 | 3.2 (0.4; 6.1) | 1 | 14 | Matsu | East Coast China (Fujian) | |
51 | M8a2a1_16390 | 7.2 (3.4; 11.1) | 1 | 18 | Ur_Tw | MSEA | |
52 | M8a2a1_8245 | 1.3 (−1.2; 3.8) | 2 | 14 | Yilan, Penghu Island | East Coast China (Fujian) | |
53 | M10_16256a | 1.7 (−0.7; 4.1) | 1 | 15 | Yilan | MSEA/Vietnam | |
54 | M10a1a_10245 | 6.5 (2.3; 10.9) | 4 | 49 | Ur_Tw, Yilan, Yunlin, Penghu Island | China | |
55 | M74b_10648a | 8.6 (2.3; 15) | 1 | 2 | Ur_Tw | West Indonesia/MSEA | |
56 | N9a3_10321 | 2.6 (0.5; 4.7) | 3 | 15 | Matsu, Penghu Island, Yunlin | East Coast China (Fujian), South China | |
57 | N9a4b1_16091 | 5.7 (1.9; 9.5) | 1 | 5 | Yilan | North and South China | |
58 | N9a9_16390 | 6.5 (0.8; 12.5) | 2 | 11 | Green Island | NorthEast China, Japan | |
59 | R9b1a2b_16239 | na < 11.5 (5.7; 17.6) | 1 | 3 | Ur_Tw | East Coast China (Fujian)/MSEA | |
60 | R9b1a3 | 29,6 ± 9.9 | 1 | 16 | Yunlin | NorthEast China/MSEA | |
61 | R9c_10403 | 6.7 (1.3; 12.2) | 2 | 8 | Yunlin | East Coast China (Fujian)/MSEA/ISEA | |
62 | Y1b1 | 3.6 (0.6; 6.8) | 1 | 3 | Matsu | China |