Fig. 10

Pulsatile strain increased total ROS and superoxide release significantly in normoxic and hypoxic conditions. a Total cytosolic ROS is quantified by the change in DCF-DA fluorescence from primary PASM fibers. b Endogenous superoxide radical is quantified by the change in DHE signal at 30 min from basal induction. For both assays an average of 5 × 10⁵ stimulated cells/treatment was analyzed during two consecutive 30 min periods at 37 °C at excitation 485 nm, emission 520 nm and gain 1500. P < 0.05 represents significance, ***highly significant, ratio to normoxic strain. N+S+ normoxia together with stretch; N+S− normoxia independent on stretch; H+S+ hypoxia together with stretch; H+S− hypoxia independent on stretch