Table 1 Clinical outcomes of COVID19 patients with hypertension and other comorbidities

Wang D et al. [2]

138

56

75 (54.3)

63 (45.7)

43 (31.2)

20 (14.5)

14 (10.1)

-

-

This study compares the severe cases, admitted to ICU, against non-severe cases. They identified that 72.2% of patients that were admitted to ICU carried one or more comorbidities. Approximately 58.3% of patients with hypertension were admitted to ICU.

Wang Z et al. [3]

69

42

32 (46)

37 (54)

9 (13)

8 (12)

7 (10)

-

-

The older adult patients with comorbidities were found to carry lower oxygen saturation values. Diabetes and hypertension were identified as prevalent comorbidity in such patients.

Chen T et al. [29]

274

62

171 (62.4)

103 (37.6)

93 (33.94)

23 (8.39)

47 (17.15)

54 (48)

39 (24)

Old age and presence of earlier comorbidities are the risk factors responsible for the death of COVID-19 patients. A high mortality rate (14.1%) was observed among recent studies.

Guan et al. [4]

1590

48.9

904 (57.94)

686 (42.7)

269 (16.91)

59 (3.71)

130 (8.17)

28 (10.4)

241 (89.6)

The presence of one or more comorbidities increases the severity of COVID-19 among patients.

Zhou F et al. [30]

191

56

119 (62)

72 (38)

58 (30)

15 (8)

36 (19)

26 (48)

32 (23)

The older age, high sequential organ failure score, and high D-dimer level are indicative of the COVID-19 higher mortality rate.

Du et al. [31]

85

65.8

62 (72.9)

23 (27.1)

32 (37.6)

10 (11.8)

19 (22.4)

-

-

Male patients with multiple comorbidities were found to be more susceptible to COVID-19 infection.

Guo T et al. [33]

187

58.5

91 (48.7)

96 (51.3)

61 (32.6)

21 (11.2)

28 (15)

-

-

COVID-19 infection resulted in an increase in plasma troponin T (TnT) levels. These TnT levels are indicative of myocardial injuries.

Fu L et al. [37]

200

-

99 (49.3)

101 (50.7)

101 (62.73)

16 (9.9)

137 (85.09)

22 (21.8)

12 (12.1)

The presence of comorbidity, older age are risk factors for COVID-19 infection. LDH, TBIL,AST/ATL ratio is identified as potential indicator of COVID-19 fatality.

Li J et al. [38]

1178

55.5

545 (46.3)

633 (53.7)

362 (30.73)

103 (8.7)

203 (17.2)

77 (21.3)

285 (78.7)

This clinical study is identified that intake of ARBs/ACEI was not associated with increased severity of COVID-19.

Feng Y et al. [34]

476

53

271 (56.9)

205 (43.1)

113 (23.7)

38 (8)

49 (10.3)

-

-

This study compares the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients according to the severity of the disease. 41.1% mortality rate was observed among critical patients admitted to ICU.

Huang C et al. [35]

41

49

30 (73)

11 (27)

6 (15)

6 (15)

8 (20)

-

Elevated levels of IL2, IL6, IL10, MCP1, and TFFα in plasma was observed in patients admitted to ICU.

Liu J et al. [28]

61

40

31 (50.8)

30 (49.2)

12 (19.7)

1 (1.6)

5 (8.2)

-

-

This study shows that neutrophil to lymphocyte is also indicated the severity of COVID19 infection.

Liu L et al. [32]

51

45

32 (62.7)

19 (37.3)

4 (7.8)

-

4 (7.8)

-

-

This study compares clinical characteristics between severe and non-severe patients. Older age and presence of comorbidities increase the severity of COVID-19 infection.

Deng Y et al. [36]

109 *Death group

69

73 (67)

36 (33)

40 (36.7)

13 (11.9)

17 (15.6)

-

-

This study compares the death group with the recovered group of COVID-19 patients. Existing comorbidities and older age are important factors associated with ARDS, acute cardiac injury.

116 *Recovered group

40

51 (44)

65 (56)

18 (15.5)

4 (3.4)

9 (7.8)

-

-