Table 2 Relationship between 1 day and 10 days average morning urinary Na/K ratios and home hypertension among 3,122 participants without taking antihypertensive medication

From: Consideration of the reference value and number of measurements of the urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio based on the prevalence of untreated home hypertension: TMM Cohort Study

Multiple adjusted OR (95% CI)

 

Morning urinary Na/K ratio

 
 

<2.0

2.0–2.9

3.0–3.9

4.0–4.9

5.0–5.9

6.0–6.9

7.0–7.9

≥8.0

P for linear trend

OR (95% CI)a

Area under the ROC curveb

1 day

Number of home hypertensionc/number of participants

42/228

106/556

170/678

131/604

99/426

70/271

40/144

81/215

   

Ref.

0.89 (0.58–1.36)

1.38 (0.92–2.07)

1.11 (0.73–1.69)

1.23 (0.80–1.90)

1.50 (0.94–2.40)

1.60 (0.94–2.75)

2.55 (1.58–4.11)

< 0.001

1.12 (1.07–1.18)

0.761

2 days

Number of home hypertension/number of participants

21/138

100/499

151/731

152/664

119/479

74/254

54/165

68/192

   

Ref.

1.21 (0.70–2.09)

1.42 (0.84–2.41)

1.43 (0.84–2.43)

1.69 (0.98–2.90)

2.10 (1.18–3.74)

2.70 (1.47–4.97)

2.80 (1.54–5.07)

<0.001

1.15 (1.10–1.21)

0.760

3 days

Number of home hypertension/number of participants

15/108

86/465

160/758

150/696

123/476

78/288

56/144

71/187

   

Ref.

1.34 (0.71–2.51)

1.66 (0.90–3.06)

1.53 (0.83–2.82)

2.07 (1.11–3.86)

2.45 (1.28–4.69)

3.73 (1.86–7.48)

3.72 (1.91–7.26)

<0.001

1.19 (1.13–1.25)

0.765

4 days

Number of home hypertension/number of participants

12/87

76/439

172/781

150/708

129/516

74/273

60/147

66/171

   

Ref.

1.25 (0.62–2.51)

1.82 (0.93–3.58)

1.57 (0.80–3.09)

2.05 (1.03–4.06)

2.20 (1.08–4.48)

4.44 (2.10–9.37)

3.74 (1.80–7.79)

<0.001

1.19 (1.13–1.25)

0.766

5 days

Number of home hypertension/number of participants

15/79

68/443

169/781

157/714

128/512

75/284

61/150

66/159

   

Ref.

0.77 (0.40–1.50)

1.20 (0.64–2.26)

1.18 (0.63–2.22)

1.44 (0.76–2.74)

1.44 (0.73–2.82)

3.11 (1.54–6.30)

2.85 (1.41–5.74)

<0.001

1.20 (1.14–1.27)

0.766

6 days

Number of home hypertension/number of participants

14/76

61/413

174/799

156/725

136/531

82/282

55/149

61/147

   

Ref.

0.71 (0.36–1.41)

1.17 (0.61–2.23)

1.09 (0.57–2.08)

1.45 (0.75–2.79)

1.72 (0.87–3.40)

2.31 (1.13–4.75)

2.77 (1.35–5.70)

<0.001

1.21 (1.14–1.27)

0.765

7 days

Number of home hypertension/number of participants

12/76

64/413

169/779

167/756

129/530

85/284

49/131

64/153

   

Ref.

1.01 (0.49–2.07)

1.57 (0.79–3.11)

1.53 (0.77–3.03)

1.89 (0.95–3.79)

2.36 (1.15–4.83)

3.01 (1.40–6.50)

3.87 (1.83–8.18)

<0.001

1.21 (1.15–1.28)

0.764

8 days

Number of home hypertension/number of participants

11/70

58/415

183/779

158/770

121/509

93/298

49/126

66/155

   

Ref.

0.79 (0.37–1.68)

1.55 (0.76–3.16)

1.27 (0.62–2.59)

1.68 (0.81–3.46)

2.33 (1.11–4.90)

2.66 (1.20–5.90)

3.47 (1.60–7.53)

<0.001

1.22 (1.15–1.28)

0.767

9 days

Number of home hypertension/number of participants

12/67

57/415

179/782

161/767

118/525

96/277

51/139

65/150

   

Ref.

0.68 (0.32–1.41)

1.30 (0.65–2.62)

1.17 (0.58–2.37)

1.33 (0.65–2.70)

2.25 (1.09–4.67)

2.24 (1.03–4.88)

3.26 (1.52–7.00)

<0.001

1.23 (1.16–1.29)

0.768

10 days

Number of home hypertension/number of participants

9/63

62/415

181/787

149/752

124/534

93/266

59/158

62/147

   

Ref.

0.95 (0.42–2.13)

1.64 (0.75–3.57)

1.39 (0.64–3.03)

1.69 (0.77–3.71)

2.98 (1.33–6.68)

3.06 (1.32–7.09)

3.84 (1.66–8.89)

<0.001

1.23 (1.16–1.29)

0.768

  1. BMI body mass index, BP blood pressure, Na/K ratio sodium/potassium ratio, OR odds ratio, Ref reference, 95% CI 95% confidence interval, ROC receiver operating characteristic curve
  2. aThe prevalence of home hypertension per unit increase in average urinary Na/K ratios from 1 to 10 days.
  3. bAdjusted for age (continuous variable), sex, BMI (continuous variable), and drinking status (never drinker, ex–drinker, <23 g per day, and ≥23 g per day).
  4. cHome hypertension was defined as an SBP ≥ 135 mmHg and/or a DBP ≥ 85 mmHg.
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