Table 7 The effect of interventions on serum glucose concentrations

From: A study on the early metabolic effects of salt and fructose consumption: the protective role of water

 

Length of follow-up

p*

p†

Baseline

15 min

30 min

45 min

60 min

75 min

90 min

105 min

120 min

Glucose, mg/dL

 Group 1

72.3 (65.2–79.4)

88.6 (81.5–95.7)

88.6 (81.5–95.7)

70.9 (63.9–78.1)

74.6 (67.5–81.7)

77.2 (70.1–84.3)

78.0 (70.9–85.1)

77.2 (70.1–84.3)

75.5 (68.4–82.6)

<0.001

<0.001

 Group 2

75.2 (68.1–82.3)

84.8 (77.7–91.9)

79.4 (72.3–86.5)

75.8 (68.7–82.9)

75.6 (68.5–82.7)

77.0 (69.9–84.1)

79.5 (72.4–86.6)

78.9 (71.8–86.0)

82.3 (75.2–89.4)

 Group 3

87.5 (80.4–94.6)

116.9 (109.8–124.0)

128.9 (121.8–136.0)

126.1 (118.9–133.2)

121.3 (114.2–128.4)

114.5 (107.4–121.6)

112.2 (105.1–119.3)

107.1 (99.9–114.2)

100.5 (93.4–107.6)

 Group 4

88.8 (81.7–95.9)

99.1 (91.9–106.2)

103.7 (96.6–110.8)

104.0 (96.9–111.1)

103.1 (95.9–110.2)

101.3 (94.2–108.4)

99.4 (92.3–106.5)

97.5 (90.4–104.6)

95.5 (88.4–102.6)

 p‡

0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

0.02

  1. Data are presented as mean (95% CI) at baseline, and least-squares mean (95% CI) at 15 min, 30 min, 45 min, 60 min, 75 min, 90 min, 105 min, and 120 min, respectively
  2. Analysis was conducted using a mixed model for repeated measures, adjusting for baseline values
  3. *p Value for time effect—trend over time in all arms
  4. †p Value for treatment × time interaction—evaluates if changes in one arm are different from the changes in the other arms
  5. ‡p Value for comparison between arms at each moment
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