Table 2 Endpoints in relation to PPA per threshold or analyzed as continuously distributed variable

From: An outcome-driven threshold for pulse pressure amplification

Cohort Endpoint Risk indicator

Ne/Nr

HR (95% CI)

P value

Discovery (n = 3945)

 Cardiovascular

   PPA < 1.3 vs ≥1.3

150/2230 vs 39/1715

1.54 (1.00–2.36)

0.048

   PPA + 1 SD

189/3945

0.74 (0.56–0.97)

0.031

 Coronary

   PPA < 1.3 vs ≥1.3

66/2230 vs 12/1715

2.45 (1.20–5.01)

0.014

   PPA + 1 SD

78/3945

0.57 (0.36–0.91)

0.018

Replication (n = 1663)

 Cardiovascular

   PPA < 1.3 vs ≥1.3

53/949 vs 13/714

2.02 (1.07–3.78)

0.033

   PPA + 1 SD

66/1663

0.61 (0.39–0.96)

0.036

 Coronary

   PPA < 1.3 vs ≥1.3

25/949 vs 6/714

2.90 (1.18–7.12)

0.025

   PPA + 1 SD

31/1663

0.61 (0.34–1.11)

0.085

  1. Models were adjusted for cohort (random effect), sex, age, body mass index, heart rate, smoking and drinking, total-to-HDL serum cholesterol ratio, estimated glomerular filtration rate, antihypertensive drug intake, history of cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. Given the prior probability generated in the discovery sample, confidence interval and P values in the replication sample are one-sided
  2. Ne/Nr number of events/of participants at risk
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