Fig. 7
From: Spiraling pathways of global deep waters to the surface of the Southern Ocean
Idealized schematic illustrating the effect of eddy advection at topographic hotspots on upwelling pathways. a An idealized particle trajectory (red) follows time-mean Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) streamlines (black) that flow southeastward around Antarctica from east of Drake Passage (blue surface indicating the particles’ isopycnal surface, lighter color indicating shallower depths). The trajectory crosses streamlines and upwells (yellow arrows) in regions of high eddy kinetic energy (EKE; yellow shading) at major topographic features (gray shading). This creates a superimposed southward/upward spiral as the particles shift southward and upward each time they encounter a region of high EKE. b A two-dimensional vertical cross-section of the Southern Ocean from Antarctica to 30° S, indicated by the white dashed line in a. White lines show idealized isopycnal layers shoaling and thinning toward the South. The red arrows show the trajectory entering the high EKE region associated with topography along the northernmost ACC front and exiting the region, shallower and further south (front positions indicated by dotted lines)
