Fig. 10

BMP-SMAD activation/inhibition balance modulates PASE formation and stability. a Representative time-lapse sequence showing the initial development of an asymmetric cyst and its subsequent conversion into a fully squamous cyst. Time stamps indicate the total hours of culture. n = 3 independent experiments. Scale bar, 50 µm. Also see Supplementary Movie 3. b Schematic outlining the PASE rescue experiment. c Bar plot showing the percentage of PASE as a function of NOGGIN dosage. Data represent the mean ± s.e.m. The denominator of each fraction indicates the total number of cysts quantitated under that condition; the numerator of each fraction indicates the number of PASE among the quantitated cysts. P-values were calculated using unpaired, two-sided Student’s t-test. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. n = 4 biological replicates. d Representative phase-contrast images of squamous amniotic ectoderm-like cysts and asymmetric PASE formed under different NOGGIN dosages as indicated. n = 3 independent experiments. Scale bar, 50 µm