Fig. 4 | Nature Communications

Fig. 4

From: Discovery and ramifications of incidental Magnéli phase generation and release from industrial coal-burning

Fig. 4

Laboratory synthesis of Magnéli phases from TiO2 under high temperature, low-oxygen conditions. a Synthesis of Magnéli Ti x O2x−1 by annealing P25 TiO2 nanoparticle with coal in a pure N2 atmosphere. See text for details. b Photograph of different titanium oxides after annealing P25 TiO2 nanoparticle with coal at different temperatures. c XRD patterns of coal-annealed P25 TiO2 at different temperatures

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