Table 1 Coal ash samples tested for occurrence of Magnéli phases using TEM
No. | Coal ash sample | Coal origin/information | Observed Magnéli phase(s) |
|---|---|---|---|
1 | Dan River coal ash | Coal ash impoundment at Dan River, North Carolina, USA; coal origin: unknown | Ti6O11, Ti7O13 |
2 | Virginia bottom ash | Coal power plant, southwest Virginia, USA; coal origin: unknown | Ti6O11, Ti8O15, Ti5O9 |
3 | Virginia fly ash | Coal power plant, southwest Virginia, USA; coal origin: unknown | Ti6O11, Ti8O15, Ti5O9 |
5 | Kentucky plant M 2007 fly ash | Illinois Basin, USA | Ti7O13 |
6 | Kentucky plant H 2007 fly ash | Central eastern Kentucky, USA; low-sulfur coal | Magnéli phase(s) observed but not specifically identified |
7 | Kentucky plant H 2015 fly ash | Western Kentucky, USA; high-sulfur coal | Magnéli phase(s) observed but not specifically identified |
8 | Kentucky plant I 2001 fly ash | Southeastern Kentucky, USA; low-sulfur coal | Ti9O17, Ti8O15 |
9 | Kentucky plant I 2001 bottom ash | Southeastern Kentucky, USA; low-sulfur coal | Ti6O11 |
10 | Kentucky plant I 2007 fly ash | Southeastern Kentucky, USA; low-sulfur coal | Ti6O11 |
11 | Texas power plant fly ash | Texas Gulf Coast, USA; Eocene coal | Ti6O11/Ti7O13 |
12 | Texas power plant bottom ash | Texas Gulf Coast, USA; Eocene coal | Ti6O11/Ti7O13 |
13 | New Mexico power plant fly ash | New Mexico San Juan Basin, USA; Cretaceous coal | Ti6O11/Ti7O13 |
14 | New Mexico power plant bottom ash | New Mexico San Juan Basin, USA; Cretaceous coal | Ti4O7 |
15 | Missouri power plant fly ash | Wyoming Powder River Basin, USA; Paleocene coal | Magnéli phase(s) observed but not specifically identified |
16 | Missouri power plant bottom ash | Wyoming Powder River Basin, USA; Paleocene coal | Magnéli phase(s) observed but not specifically identified |
17 | China SZDC 2-1 | Chongqin, China; anthracite, Permian coal | Ti9O17 |
18 | China SZDC 2-2 | Chongqin, China; anthracite, Permian coal | Ti6O11, Ti7O13 |
19 | China DD 2-1 | Yunnan, China; anthracite | Ti6O11 |
20 | China DD 2-2 | Yunnan, China; anthracite | — |
21 | Xuzhou, China fly ash | Coal origin: unknown | Ti6O11, Ti8O15, Ti5O9 |
22 | Shanghai, China fly ash | Coal origin: unknown | Ti5O9, Ti6O11 |
