Fig. 1
From: Critical role for arginase 2 in obesity-associated pancreatic cancer
Obesity leads to enhanced PDA growth and transcriptional induction of nitrogen and arginine metabolism. a Schematic timeline for the generation of lean or obese orthotopic xenograft models of PDA, using 4–6 week old male Rag1 −/− mice. b Growth curves of Lean-CFP (n = 15) or Obese-CFP (n = 14) mice. Arrow indicates orthotopic injection of AsPC1-CFP cells (105 per mouse). c Volumes of orthotopic PDA tumors from mice in b. d Heatmaps (left) of genes enriched in metabolic pathways in Lean-CFP compared to Obese-CFP tumors (n = 9 per group), with corresponding GSEA plots (right). Red indicates higher expression, and blue lower expression, relative to the mean expression level within each group. NES normalized enrichment scores, FDR false discovery rate, Nom. nominal. e Immunoblots for ARG2 and ARG1 in representative orthotopic tumors from c. f Graph demonstrating that the urea levels in PDA tumors are comparable to those in the liver of lean or obese mice (n = 5); data are representative of three independent experiments. In b, data represent the mean ± s.e.m. In c, f, data represent the mean ± s.d. *P ≤ 0.05, **P ≤ 0.01, ****P ≤ 0.0001, two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey test in b and t-test in c
