Fig. 2

Autophagy is active during TH9 cell differentiation. a The conversion from endogenous LC3-I to LC3-II, the autophagosome marker, during TH9 cell differentiation was monitored by western blot in the presence and absence of chloroquine. The amounts of LC3-II on this immunoblot were used to determine the autophagic flux in TH9 cells. b The autophagic flux during TH9 cell differentiation was determined by calculating the differences in the amount of LC3-II between cells cultured with or without the lysosomal inhibitor chloroquine, thus representing the amount of LC3 that is delivered to lysosomes for degradation. c Immunoblot analysis of LC3-II expression in TH2, Treg and TH9 cells, differentiated for 3 days. d Western blot of LC3-II in Atg5-deficient cells compared to WT cells during TH9 cell differentiation