Fig. 3
Sex divergence of the Dmp1Cre.Socs3 f/f phenotype explained by a male-specific effect on osteoclast numbers at 12 weeks of age. a–c Histomorphometric analysis of osteoblast surface (a), osteoid surface (b), and osteoclast surface (c) in the secondary spongiosa of 12-week-old male and female Dmp1Cre (open circles) and Dmp1Cre.Socs3 f/f (gray squares) tibiae; values are mean ± SEM, n is shown for each group below (a). **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001 vs Dmp1Cre of the same sex; + p < 0.05, +++ p < 0.001 vs female of the same genotype by two-way ANOVA with Sidak post-hoc test. d Safranin O staining shows no retention of cartilage remnants (orange) within the trabecular bone (b) of female Dmp1Cre.Socs3 f/f mice compared with Dmp1Cre mice; m marrow; scale bar = 50 µm. e Representative images of calcein labeling of bone in male and female 12-week-old Dmp1Cre.Socs3 f/f and Dmp1Cre mice. Scale bar = 500 µm. f High-power images from the boxed regisons shown in e showing lamellar bone formation in the secondary spongiosa in female Dmp1Cre mice (left), but woven-bone formation in the same region in female Dmp1Cre.Socs3 f/f mice (right); scale bar = 50 µm. g, h Biochemical markers of bone formation (P1NP) and resorption (CTX-1) in 26-week-old male and female Dmp1Cre.Socs3 f/f (open circles) and Dmp1Cre (gray squares) mice; values are mean ± SEM, n is shown for each group below (g). *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; vs Dmp1Cre of the same sex by two-way ANOVA with Sidak post-hoc test
