Fig. 7

The combining of chemical and genetic approaches provides the highest drought resistance. a Additive effects of AMF4 and stress-induced PYL2 expression in enhancing drought resistance in Arabidopsis. Wild-type plants (Col-0) and transgenic plants transformed by Arabidopsis RD29a promoter-driven PYL2 (pRD29a-PYL2) are grown under short-day conditions for 2 weeks before watering is stopped. The plants are subsequently treated with DMSO (control) or 10 μM (+)-ABA or AMF4 once per week for another 2 weeks. The plants are photographed before treatment (0d) and at 23, 26 or 28 days after first chemical treatment. b–e Additive effects of AMF4 and stress-induced PYL2 expression in enhancing drought resistance in soybean. b Wild-type (Ws82) and transgenic plants transformed by RD29a promoter-driven PYL2 (PYL2ox) at the triple trifoliate stage are subjected to drought (watering was stopped) and are treated every 3 days with DMSO (control), 50 μM (+)-ABA, or 50 μM AMF4 for 9 days before watering is resumed. The plants are photographed before watering is stopped (0 days) and 7, 9, and 10 days after watering is stopped. c Survival rates are calculated daily from the 7th day until the 9th day after watering is stopped, and plants are considered to have survived if their leaves had not wilted. Values are the mean survival rates from three replicates with 15 individual plants per treatment, and error bars indicate SD. d Soybean plants treated with 20 μM (+)-ABA, AMF4, or DMSO (the control) are photographed with an IR camera before they are treated (0 days) and 1 or 2 days after treatment. e The relative soil water content in b is determined as the mass of water in soil/mass of oven-dry soil*100%, and values are the mean soil water content after 7 days without watering, when DMSO-treated wild-type soybean plants begin to wilt. Each combination of treatment and plant line is represented by six replicate pots, and error bars indicate SD